Zogulitsa
Okhazikika pakupanga mowa wa propargyl, 1,4 butynediol ndi 3-chloropropyne
1,4-butanediol (BDO) ndikukonzekera kwake kwa PBAT yapulasitiki yosasinthika
Mawu Oyamba
1, 4-butanediol (BDO);PBAT ndi pulasitiki ya thermoplastic biodegradable, yomwe ndi copolymer ya butanediol adipate ndi butanediol terephthalate.Ili ndi makhalidwe a PBA (polyadipate-1, 4-butanediol ester diol) ndi PBT (polybutanediol terephthalate).Ili ndi ductility yabwino komanso elongation panthawi yopuma, komanso kukana kutentha kwabwino komanso magwiridwe antchito.Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi biodegradability yabwino kwambiri ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka pakufufuza mapulasitiki owonongeka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pamsika.
Izi ndizomwe zimapangidwira magawo a PBAT polymer chain:
Kupanga mafakitale kwa 1, 4-butanediol kwachitika munjira zinayi zazikulu.
1. Njira ya Aldehyde (njira ya Reppe) : acetylene yoyamba ndi formaldehyde pamaso pa Cu-BI chothandizira kupanga 1, 4-butynediol.Chotsatiracho chimakhalanso ndi hydrogenated ku 1, 4-butenediol kudzera pa skeleton nickel, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Ni-Cu-Mn / Al2O3 mpaka 1, 4-butanediol.
2. Maleic anhydride hydrogenation: imagawidwanso kukhala maleic anhydride esterification hydrogenation ndi maleic anhydride mwachindunji hydrogenation.
3. Njira ya Butadiene: kuchokera ku 1, 3-butadiene ndi acetic acid ndi oxygen acetyl oxidation reaction, kupanga 1, 4-diacetyloxy-2-butadiene, ndiyeno hydrogenation, hydrolysis.
4. propylene oxide njira (allyl mowa njira): propylene okusayidi monga zopangira, chothandizira isomerization mu allyl mowa, mu organic phosphine ligand chothandizira pansi zochita za hydroformylation anachita kupanga chinthu chachikulu γ-hydroxypropanal, ndiyeno m'zigawo, hydrogenation, kuyenga. kuti mupeze BDO.
Njira ya Reppe ndi njira yachikhalidwe yopangira BDO, yomwe imachokera ku acetylene ndi formaldehyde monga zopangira, kaphatikizidwe ndi hydrogenation masitepe awiri kuti apange BDO: ① acetylene ndi formaldehyde reaction kuti apange 1, 4-butynediol ndi mowa wa propargyl monga chotulukapo. ;②1, 4-butanediol ndi hydrogenated kupanga 1, 4-butanediol.
Kukonzekera kwa acetylene kuli ndi [gasi wachilengedwe / njira yamafuta] ndi [njira ya malasha] : kugwiritsa ntchito coke ndi miyala yamchere mu ng'anjo yotentha kwambiri kuti apange calcium carbide, calcium carbide ndi madzi kuti apange acetylene;Acetylene amapangidwa kuchokera ku gasi kapena mafuta ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni pang'ono a methane.
